In the city of Matanzas, the number of homemade vehicles known as "riquimbilis" has significantly increased, reflecting a severe transportation crisis. These makeshift inventions, born out of necessity and scarcity, showcase Cuban ingenuity in the face of fuel shortages and the inefficiency of the state-run public transportation system—a problem that has persisted for the six decades of the socialist regime.
The riquimbilis are assembled from parts of old cars, motorcycles, and sheets of iron and zinc. According to Radio 26, these vehicles now traverse the city, connecting crucial points such as the Canímar Bridge and the Faustino Pérez Hospital.
While these vehicles offer an immediate solution for transportation, the cost of service is high. A complete trip can cost up to 200 pesos, which is unaffordable for many residents of Matanzas who rely on these means of transportation daily.
The riquimbilis exemplify the resilience and creativity of Cubans but also highlight the collapse of the public transportation system. For now, they are the only effective alternative for those who need to get to work or return home after a long day.
Government Regulations and Public Response
The lack of bus routes, a long-standing issue exacerbated by the COVID-19 pandemic, has forced citizens to find their own solutions. Despite their utility, the government began implementing measures in 2021 to regulate these vehicles, as many do not meet safety requirements for passenger transport.
In February 2024, the government launched the second census to legalize "Vehicles Assembled from Parts," promising it would be the last. However, the ban on constructing new vehicles creates uncertainty about the future of this solution to the transportation crisis.
The term "Riquimbili" was born out of ingenuity but also desperation in the face of a system that fails to meet the population's most basic needs.
Understanding Matanzas' Transportation Crisis
Here are some frequently asked questions to help you understand the current transportation crisis in Matanzas and the role of riquimbilis.
What are riquimbilis?
Riquimbilis are homemade vehicles assembled from parts of old cars, motorcycles, and other materials. They are a makeshift solution to the transportation crisis in Cuba.
Why is there a transportation crisis in Matanzas?
The transportation crisis in Matanzas is due to a combination of fuel shortages, inefficiencies in the state-run public transportation system, and a longstanding lack of bus routes, further exacerbated by the COVID-19 pandemic.
How much does a trip on a riquimbili cost?
A complete trip on a riquimbili can cost up to 200 pesos, which is often unaffordable for many residents of Matanzas.
What measures has the government taken regarding riquimbilis?
Since 2021, the government has implemented measures to regulate riquimbilis, as many do not meet safety standards. In February 2024, a second census was launched to legalize these vehicles, but new construction has been banned, creating uncertainty about their future.