The Oropouche virus continues its relentless spread throughout Cuba, now affecting all provinces, 99 municipalities, and 172 health areas. In response to the increasing arboviral infections, Dr. Francisco Durán García, the national director of Hygiene and Epidemiology, provided an update on the country's epidemiological situation during the Midday News this Wednesday.
Dr. Durán emphasized that the symptoms of Oropouche (fever, headache, joint and muscle pains, vomiting, and diarrhea) closely resemble those of dengue. Therefore, it is crucial for individuals to seek medical attention to properly diagnose their illness. He noted that while Oropouche generally has a favorable progression, complications such as meningitis and encephalitis have been reported in countries like Brazil, worsening the clinical outlook.
"We currently do not have severe, critical, or fatal cases of this disease in Cuba," Dr. Durán reassured. He did, however, acknowledge that some patients may feel ill again shortly after recovery. "This is why I stress the importance of medical care. Dengue is circulating in 12 provinces in Cuba and can lead to serious complications. Initially, it might be Oropouche, but the second time, it could very well be dengue," he detailed.
The expert also mentioned that vertical transmission of the disease (from mother to child) has been documented, although no such cases have been reported in Cuba so far. Dr. Durán specified that the disease is transmitted by a biting midge called Culicoides and the Culex mosquito. The latter is prevalent across the country and breeds in both clean and contaminated water, including sewers and any stagnant water accumulation.
Last week, Dr. Durán acknowledged the "complex" epidemiological situation in the country due to the co-circulation of multiple viruses, including influenza, dengue, and Oropouche. He added that continuous surveillance of these viruses is being maintained, and preventive and control measures have been intensified to mitigate the spread and effectively treat those affected. However, he recently admitted that the country lacks the resources for widespread mosquito fumigation campaigns, further complicating Cuba's epidemiological scenario.
Understanding the Spread of Oropouche Virus in Cuba
To provide more clarity on the current epidemiological situation in Cuba, here are some frequently asked questions and their answers:
What are the symptoms of the Oropouche virus?
The symptoms include fever, headache, joint and muscle pains, vomiting, and diarrhea. These symptoms are similar to those of dengue fever.
How is the Oropouche virus transmitted?
The virus is transmitted by a biting midge called Culicoides and the Culex mosquito. The Culex mosquito can breed in both clean and contaminated water.
Are there any severe cases of Oropouche virus in Cuba?
Currently, there are no severe, critical, or fatal cases of Oropouche virus in Cuba. However, continuous medical attention is recommended as symptoms can reappear.
What preventive measures are being taken in Cuba?
Cuba is maintaining continuous surveillance of Oropouche, dengue, and influenza viruses. Preventive and control measures have been intensified, although there is a lack of resources for mosquito fumigation campaigns.