Disturbing images of young Cubans suffering the effects of a drug known as “The Chemical” have sparked widespread alarm after circulating on social media. These scenes of convulsions, desperate screams, and reckless behavior highlight the severe crisis gripping the island. The state-run website, CubaDebate, has compiled poignant accounts of the devastating impact of this substance on Cuban youth, including stories of those embarking on the challenging path of rehabilitation, showcasing the grim reality of addiction in Cuba.
The Struggle of Overcoming Addiction
One young man in recovery shared his arduous journey battling addiction: “I ended up here after nine years of using… One day, I overdosed—a failed suicide attempt. Waking up the next day, I realized I needed to escape this life. I sought help from my family, began rehabilitation, and was discharged after six months. It was tough, especially the first 21 days, which were incredibly sad.”
He emphasized the need for professional help and breaking the stigma: “Many don’t seek help out of shame. Cuba has a poor understanding of drug addiction. We must educate and support those in need.”
A Young Woman's Perspective on Loss and Recovery
Another young woman, currently in treatment, recounted her story from a rehabilitation clinic: “I came here after a month of abstinence. Although it’s been easier for me, not everyone is as fortunate. I started using at parties, influenced by friends, and eventually used alone. I lost a lot—my family, my connection with my parents. I became unrecognizable, indifferent to everything.”
She highlighted the particular risks for women: “Women have more to lose than men. Losing everything isn’t an exaggeration; it’s our reality. I wish other young women could hear this, come to therapy, and accept their addiction to find a solution.”
Understanding "The Chemical"
The rise of “The Chemical” in Cuba raises serious concerns due to its devastating effects on the mental and physical health of young people. But what exactly is this synthetic drug? According to Dr. Elizabeth Céspedes Lantigua, an expert in General Medicine and Psychiatry, and director of the Adolescent Rehabilitation Center (CDA), “The Chemical” is a synthetic cannabinoid. It is designed to mimic marijuana’s effects but is far more potent and hazardous.
This drug is clandestinely produced without any health regulations, using cheap, toxic ingredients like formaldehyde and veterinary anesthetics. These substances are sprayed onto dried herbs to create adulterated cigarettes. Dr. Céspedes warns that “The Chemical” can be up to a hundred times stronger than marijuana, posing an immediate addiction threat.
The Role of Family in Prevention
Dr. Céspedes stressed the crucial role of families in preventing drug use: “Parents must set boundaries, instill values, and watch for warning signs. Allowing teenagers to experiment with cigarettes or alcohol can lead to more dangerous substances like ‘The Chemical,’” she cautioned.
The doctor highlighted the efforts of the Adolescent Rehabilitation Center (CDA), which she leads, in helping young addicts recover. Despite the challenges, she noted that with professional support, determination, and education, reversing the damage caused by these substances is possible. However, she insists that this battle must be embraced by society as a whole, to safeguard future generations from a crisis that cannot be ignored.
Government's Shortcomings in Combating Drug Trafficking
In a recent address, Colonel Juan Carlos Poey Guerra, head of the anti-drug division of the Ministry of the Interior, critically examined the worsening drug trafficking issue and the devastating impact of synthetic substances in Cuba. Despite pointing to external sources as the main contributors, the rising use of synthetic cannabinoids or “chemical” has exposed the vulnerabilities of the domestic market.
The Colonel noted the high addictive potential and extreme risk of intoxication associated with these substances, which are often sold as impregnated paper. The ease of access, low cost, and proliferation of counterfeit versions have exacerbated the problem, particularly among the youth.
While anti-drug operations in the country are ramping up, this situation underscores an urgent need to bolster prevention and education strategies amid a regional and global context where drug trafficking, maritime routes, and synthetic drug expansion continue to challenge public safety and health.
Recent operations in Havana led to several arrests for selling illicit substances, including marijuana and the infamous “chemical.” According to the pro-government Facebook profile "La Página de Mauro Torres 2.0," one such operation took place at the intersection of 20 de Mayo and Amenidad, near Ditú del Cerro, resulting in the arrest of a man named Marcelo.
In September, 22 individuals were detained in Havana for selling the synthetic drug disguised as paper, known locally as “the chemical.” Official reports indicate these arrests occurred in the Zamora - Coco Solo area of Marianao, highlighting the prevalence of this dangerous substance on the island.