Cuban Regime's Human Rights Claims Clash with Reality, Critics Say

On Human Rights Day, Cuban Foreign Minister Bruno Rodríguez Parrilla declared that the Cuban regime remains committed to promoting, protecting, and respecting human rights, as enshrined in the nation's Constitution. However, this statement starkly contrasts with the reality of a political system that enforces a single ideology, restricts fundamental freedoms, and maintains its grip on power through the "irrevocable nature of socialism."

Single-Ideology Enforcement

The current Cuban Constitution, ratified in 2019, reiterates the socialist nature of the state and designates the Communist Party as "the superior leading force of society and the state." This legal framework denies any political pluralism and insists that socialism is "irrevocable," as reiterated by Article 4. This directly violates the rights to freedom of thought, expression, and association, eradicating any possibility for political debate or dissent. The imposition of a singular ideology is evident in the censorship of independent media and the persecution of journalists and activists who challenge the official narrative.

Death Penalty for Constitutional Subversion

The Cuban Constitution allows for the death penalty for crimes like "treason against the homeland," which can be applied to those attempting to subvert the constitutional order. This provision serves as a tool of intimidation against political opponents and activists, fostering an atmosphere of fear that stifles civic participation and criticism of the government. Independent journalist Camila Acosta highlighted this on social media, noting her ongoing persecution by state security forces. International human rights organizations have criticized the presence of capital punishment in Cuban law, citing its incompatibility with the respect for life and human dignity.

Perpetuating Power through "Irrevocable Socialism"

In 2002, a constitutional amendment declared the socialist nature of Cuba's political and social system as "irrevocable," effectively blocking any transition towards a different political model. This clause closes the door on democratic reforms and entrenches the Communist Party's power, legally preventing changes in the country's political structure. The declaration of socialism's irrevocability has been used to justify the repression of pro-democracy movements and the criminalization of efforts to promote political reforms, as demonstrated by statements from the late Corina Mestre, a state security agent and mentor to actress Ana de Armas.

Systematic Human Rights Violations

Despite official statements, Cuba experiences systematic human rights violations. International organizations have documented arbitrary detentions, restrictions on freedom of expression, association, and peaceful assembly, as well as inhumane prison conditions. The protests on July 11, 2021, highlighted state repression, with hundreds of demonstrators detained and subjected to summary trials without due process. The government's response included excessive use of force, internet shutdowns to prevent communication, and censorship of independent media.

Discrepancies Between Official Rhetoric and Reality

Cuba's adherence to international human rights instruments contrasts with the internal situation. While the government claims to respect human rights, there is a continuous violation of these rights, particularly concerning civil and political liberties. The lack of judicial independence and the subordination of courts to political power prevent victims of human rights violations from obtaining justice. Furthermore, the absence of a strong civil society and the persecution of non-governmental organizations hinder the defense and promotion of human rights on the island.

In summary, Rodríguez Parrilla's statements about Cuba's commitment to human rights, as outlined in its Constitution, starkly contrast with a reality characterized by the imposition of a single ideology, the criminalization of dissent, and a political system that restricts fundamental freedoms. The international community and human rights organizations continue to urge the Cuban government to fulfill its international obligations and ensure the full respect of human rights for all its citizens.