The Cuban Ministry of Public Health (MINSAP) recently provided an update on the current epidemiological situation regarding Hepatitis A and other infectious diseases affecting the nation. During a televised segment on Canal Caribe's Midday News, Dr. Francisco Durán García, the national director of Epidemiology, noted a surge in Hepatitis A cases across several provinces, particularly in densely populated urban areas.
Dr. Durán García emphasized that the rise in Hepatitis A cases is largely attributed to the contamination of water sources and improper food handling. He urged the public to enhance personal and food hygiene measures and ensure the consumption of safe drinking water to prevent the spread of waterborne diseases.
Discussing vector-borne diseases such as dengue and the Oropouche virus, Dr. Durán revealed that both are currently circulating in the country, though the number of cases remains limited. Dengue, while slightly reduced, persists in 13 provinces. Although severe case numbers are low, Durán stressed the importance of seeking medical attention for symptoms like fever or general discomfort.
The Oropouche virus, a new arboviral infection in Cuba, is under surveillance but has had a lesser impact compared to other diseases reported in the Americas, he noted.
Respiratory Illnesses and Vaccination Efforts
Despite the winter season, respiratory illnesses have not shown a significant increase. However, Dr. Durán highlighted the critical need to maintain vaccination efforts, particularly in children aged two, against pneumococcus. This is part of a national strategy aiming for vaccination coverage exceeding 95% by the year's end.
In concluding his briefing, Dr. Durán urged Cubans to prioritize personal, food, and water hygiene and seek medical advice for any symptoms, avoiding self-medication without professional guidance.
Epidemiological Challenges of 2024
Throughout 2024, Cuba has faced various epidemiological challenges, notably the rise in Hepatitis A cases and the spread of vector-borne diseases such as dengue and the Oropouche virus. In December, MINSAP confirmed an increase in Hepatitis A cases nationwide. The disease, linked to the consumption of water contaminated with fecal matter from infected individuals, presents symptoms including general discomfort, jaundice, and fever. To prevent it, it is recommended to consume uncontaminated food, thoroughly wash vegetables, and drink boiled or chlorinated water.
In May, a significant outbreak was reported in the Reina neighborhood of Cienfuegos city, with over 5,000 patients identified, prompting authorities to implement epidemiological surveillance measures.
Additionally, the country has been grappling with a critical situation concerning dengue and the Oropouche virus. In December, reports indicated active dengue transmission in 13 provinces, while the Oropouche virus was present in all 15 provinces, depicting a complex epidemiological scenario. The spread of these diseases has been exacerbated by sanitation issues and structural deficiencies.
In October, it was reported that at least 17,000 patients were hospitalized in Cuba due to the dengue epidemic, many in intensive care units.
FAQs on Hepatitis A and Vector-Borne Diseases in Cuba
What is causing the increase in Hepatitis A cases in Cuba?
The increase in Hepatitis A cases is primarily due to the contamination of water sources and improper food handling practices.
Which areas in Cuba are most affected by dengue?
Dengue is currently active in 13 provinces across Cuba, with varying prevalence.
How can Hepatitis A be prevented?
Prevention measures include consuming non-contaminated food, washing vegetables thoroughly, and drinking boiled or chlorinated water.